青钱柳叶片解剖结构及黄酮、三萜和多糖的组织化学定位观察

青钱柳〔Cyclocarya paliurus ( Batal.) Iljinskaja〕隶属于胡桃科( Juglandaceae)青钱柳属( Cyclocarya Iljinskaja) ,为中国特有的单种属植物,具有较高的药用、材用和观赏等价值1];青钱柳叶片中含有多种次生代谢成分,具有多种药理活性2-4].目前,对于青钱柳次生代谢成分的研究主要集中在提取、分离和纯化及不同种源间次生代谢成分的变化规律等方面,其中,已有研究者就基因型和环境对青钱柳黄酮含量变化的影响以及青钱柳叶片中三萜成分的组织化学定位进行了研究5-6] ,但不同种源青钱柳叶片中黄酮、三萜和多糖类成分的分布是否存在差异尚不清楚.

Observation on leaf anatomical structure and histochemical localization of flavonoids,triterpenoids and polysaccharides in leaf of Cyclocarya paliurus

Taking one-year-old seedlings of Cyclocarya paliurus ( Batal.) Iljinskaja from three provenances ( Wufeng of Hubei, Yuanling of Hu'nan and Muchuan of Sichuan) as experimental materials, the structure of leaf transverse section and histochemical localization of flavonoids, triterpenoids and polysaccharides were observed. The results show that the anatomical structure of leaf transverse section and the distribution pattern of flavonoids, triterpenoids and polysaccharides in leaf of C. paliurus from three provenances are generally consistent. Leaf belongs to bifacial leaf, and stomas locate on lower epidermis. The primary vein is well developed, and there is an obvious differentiation in palisade tissue and spongy tissue. Flavonoids are mainly distributed in glandular hair, epidermis, phloem and xylem, and their contents are relatively higher in phloem and xylem. Triterpenoids are mainly distributed in glandular hair, epidermis, phloem and palisade tissue. Polysaccharides are distributed in each tissue of leaf. In which, contents of triterpenoids and polysaccharides in palisade tissue are relatively higher.