木槿两变型花蕾的营养成分分析

植物的花是大自然的精华,许多植物的花中含有多种营养成分,具有强身健体的作用~(1]).木槿(Hibiscus syriacus L. )是集药用、食用、观赏、绿化、纤维原料于一身的木本植物~(2-3]),木槿的花、果、根、叶和皮均可入药,具有防治病毒性疾病和降低胆固醇的作用~(4-5]);其花和叶富含人体所需的营养成分和无机元素,国内外很多地区具有食用木槿花的习惯~(6]).木槿的品种丰富、花色艳丽、适应性强,具有比较广阔的药用和食用开发潜力.然而,目前针对不同品种木槿营养成分含量的研究还不够系统.

Analysis of nutritional components in flower bud of two forms of Hibiscus syriacus

The nutritional components in fresh flower bud of two forms of Hibiscus syriacus L. Including form. Elegantissimus and form. Amplissimus were analyzed. The results show that water content of form. Elegantissimus and form. Amplissimus is 88.67% and 83.86%, respectively, and contents of crude protein, crude fat and crude ash are 1.58% and 2.85%, 0.28% and 0.43%, 0.88% and 1.36%, respectively. Contents of Ca, Fe and Zn in fresh flower bud of two forms are higher with a value of 990 and 2 600 μg·g~(-1), 16 and 28 μg·g~(-1), 6.0 and 7.2 μg·g~(-1), respectively, and both of two forms contain a certain content of Se. Contents of VA and VE are higher with a value of 1 570 and 4 370 IU·kg~(-1), 11.5 and 18.9 IU·kg~(-1), respectively. There are sixteen amino acids including eight essential amino acids in fresh flower bud of two forms, and content of Glu is the highest and that of Met is the lowest with a value of 3.20 and 3.50 mg·g~(-1), 0.26 and 0.31 mg·g~(-1), respectively. It is concluded that the basic nutritional components in fresh flower bud of form. Elegantissimus and form. Amplissimus are consistent, but the mineral and vitamin contents in the latter are higher than those in the former, while amino acid content in the latter is lower than that in the former. It is suggested that nutritional components in flower bud of different forms of Hibiscus syriacus are various, and it needs to make a deep and detailed study.