In vitro induction of polyploidy in Centella asiatica (L.) Urban |
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Authors: | Tanavat Kaensaksiri Puangpaka Soontornchainaksaeng Noppamas Soonthornchareonnon and Sompop Prathanturarug |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-ayudthaya Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand;(2) Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand;(3) Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-ayudthaya Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; |
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Abstract: | Mutational breeding was conducted using in vitro-grown shoot-tips of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban treated with colchicine (0.025–0.400% for 12–36 h) to induce polyploidy. Treated shoot-tips were grown on Murashige
and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4.54 μM thidiazuron (TDZ), and regenerated plantlets were acclimatized and transferred
to soil. Two months following transfer to ex vitro conditions, ploidy levels of regenerated plants were determined by flow
cytometry and by determining chromosome counts. Treating shoot-tips with colchicine concentrations ranging from 0.050–0.200%
for 12–24 h promoted induction of tetraploids. Morphological and growth characteristics and the triterpenoid contents of the
polyploids were also measured. Tetraploid plants demonstrated significantly longer stomata and a higher stomatal index compared
to those of the diploid control plants. Furthermore, a positive trend in both biomass and triterpenoid production was obtained
with the tetraploid and mixoploid plants of C. asiatica. |
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