Development and large scale application of cryopreservation techniques for shoot and somatic embryo cultures of tropical crops |
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Authors: | Maria Teresa Gonzalez-Arnao Ana Panta William M Roca Roosevelt H Escobar Florent Engelmann |
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Institution: | (1) Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Prolongación Oriente. 6, No. 1009, Orizaba, Veracruz, CP 94340, Mexico;(2) Centro Internacional de la Papa (CIP), Apartado 1558, Lima, 12, Peru;(3) Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Apartado Aereo 6713, Cali, Colombia;(4) Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), UMR DIA-PC, 911 avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, Montpellier Cedex 5, 34394, France |
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Abstract: | Shoot-tips and somatic embryos are the explants of choice for the in vitro long-term storage of ex situ plant genetic resources
in liquid nitrogen. Cryopreservation of organized structures has significantly progressed, especially for species of tropical
origin, with the development of several vitrification-based procedures such as encapsulation-dehydration, vitrification and
droplet-vitrification approaches. They have allowed improvements in survival and recovery after cryopreservation compared
with conventional crystallization-based protocols, proving their effectiveness for large scale application with embryos and
shoot-tips of different plants. This review addresses the main physical and technological aspects involved in plant cryopreservation
methods, illustrating the development of research with three cases: citrus, cassava and potato. These studies demonstrate
how cryopreservation strategies are increasingly applied for their successful employment in the genebanks. |
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Keywords: | Cryopreservation Shoot-tips Somatic embryos Vitrification Genebank |
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