不同光照和水分下三叶鬼针草与本地种金盏银盘生长特征的比较研究

为探讨三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa)成功入侵机制,利用盆栽试验对不同光照和水分条件下三叶鬼针草与本地种金盏银盘(B.biternata)的生长特征进行了比较研究。结果表明,两物种对光和水的变化均具有较大可塑性,但与金盏银盘相比,在有利环境下三叶鬼针草具有较大的株高、叶面积、生物量;在不利环境下,三叶鬼针草具有较大的比叶面积和叶面积比;除叶面积比和叶生物量比外,三叶鬼针草各生理参数的可塑性指数均高于本地种。这说明三叶鬼针草具有较强的表型可塑性和入侵适应性,这些特性促进了其成功入侵。

Comparison of Growth Traits between Invasive Species Bidens pilosa and Its Indigenous Congener B. biternata under Different Light and Water Conditions

In order to understand invasive mechanism, the growth traits of Bidens pilosa L. and native species B. biternata Lour. under different light and water conditions were compared by pot experiment in greenhouse. The results showed that both species appeared great plasticity to various light and water environments. However, the height, total leaf area and biomass of B. pilosa under favorable conditions, and the specific leaf area and leaf area ratio under unfavorable conditions were higher than those of native species B. biternata. Meanwhile, except for leaf area ratio or leaf mass ratio, the plasticity indices of all parameters of B. pilosa were greater than those of native species. These indicated that B. pilosa had greater phenotypic plasticity and invasion adaptability, which promoted successful invasion of B. pilosa.