印度传统辣木引种栽培研究

从缅甸引进印度传统辣木（Moringa oleifera Lam．）到我国云南干热河谷地区种植，采用春季育播种苗造林，或者春季直播造林，种植地分有灌溉条件的农耕地以及没有灌溉条件的退耕地和荒山坡地三类。3a引种试验结果表明，在农耕地上以二种造林方式栽植的印度传统辣木在造林当年即可开花结果；而在荒山坡地上造林当年不结果或偶见结果，发生枯梢或严重枯梢；在退耕地上造林当年能结果，但产量较农耕地低。印度传统辣木结果母枝和结果枝的发育规律不同于大多数树种，不同龄级的结果母枝同时着生结果枝，并且同一结果母枝可多次着生结果枝。果实伸长生长与粗生长的高峰期不同步，伸长生长高峰期在前，粗生长高峰期在后。果实作鲜食蔬菜，应在纤维化前采收，采收期一般在伸长生长停止、粗生长高峰期前。初步认为印度传统辣木为中等抗旱树种，适生于我国热带、亚热带的半干旱、干旱地区，推广种植时应注意造林地的选择。

Studies on Introduction and Cultivation of Moringa oliferia

Moringa oleiferaintroduced from Myanmar was grown in some dry-hot valley areas of Yunnan Province.Propagation methods of direct sowing and sapling transplanting in the spring were applied,and three types of planting sites were experimented with M.oleiferafor three years,i.e.,irrigated farmland,farmland without irrigation and the waste sloping land in the mountainous area.The following results were concluded from the three year introduction experiment.(1) The M.oleiferaplants grown on the farmland by the bot...