中国蒿属植物化学分类的初步研究――精油化学成分与系统分类的相关性

分析了171个中国蒿属植物样品的精油化学成分,鉴定出305个化合物。这些样品代表64个种,其中蒿亚属47种,龙蒿亚属17种。 分析结果表明,这些化合物在两亚属中的分布有一定的规律性。在蒿亚属精油中主要含单萜类和倍半萜类化合物,而在龙蒿亚屑精油中主要含倍半萜类化合物和芳香族化合物。这种分布与中国蒿属植物从较原始到进化划分为7个组的系统分类有一定的相关性,即蒿亚属:莳萝蒿组(单萜类化合物)→艾蒿组(单萜类化合物)→艾组(单萜类化合物)→腺毛蒿组(单萜类化合物和倍半萜类化合物)→白苞蒿组(倍半萜类化合物)。龙蒿亚属:龙蒿组(倍半萜类化合物和芳香族化合物)→牡蒿组(倍半萜类化合物和芳香族化合物)。

STUDY ON THE CHEMOTAXONOMY OF ARTEMISIA L. (COMPOSITAE) IN CHINA--The Correlation of Chemical Constitution of the Essential Oil wish the Plant Classification

The chemica1 constituents of 171essential oil samples of Artemisia L. in China were analysed and 305 compounds were identified. In the samples analysed , 64 species were included and 47 of which were from the sections of Subgen. Artemisia and the rest were from the sections of Sub gen. Dracomcubre (Bess. ) Peterm. According to the analyses, there is a regularity for the distribution of these compounds in above two subgenera. The major constituents of the essential oils from Subgen . Artemisia are monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids, while that from Subgen. Dracumculus (Bess. ) Peterm. are sesquiterpenoids and aromatic compounds. It means that the distribution of chemical constituents is correlated with the classification of Artemisia L. , in which the species from more primitive to advanced can be divid ed into 7 sections as follows. Subgen. Artemisia: Sect. Absinthium DC. (monoterpenoids) - Sect. Abrotanum Bess. ( monoterpenords ) - Sect. Artemisia (monoterpenoids) - Sect. Viscidipubes Y. R. Ling (monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids)-Sect. Albibractea Y. R. Ling (sesquiterpenoids). Subgen, Drameulus (Bess. ) Peterm. : Sect. Dracunculus Bess, (sesquiterpenoids and aro matic compounds)-Sect. Latilobus Y. R. Ling (sesquiterpenoids and aromatic compounds).