澳门九澳山海滨群落10种植物盛花期物候对极端气候事件的响应

为探究极端气候事件对植物的影响,对澳门九澳山海滨群落10种植物2012-2017年盛花期物候进行了观察。结果表明,植物的盛花期一般在3-9月,其中有4种植物为5月。2013和2016年早春澳门的极端强降水使植物的盛花期出现了明显的提前或者推迟。9种植物的盛花期与盛花期前0～2个月和上一年的秋冬季的月均温度或月降水存在显著相关性。温度和降水对植物盛花期的影响差异不大,但晚花植物对降水更加敏感。这为澳门和邻近岛屿的生态恢复和园林树种选材提供参考。

Effects of Extreme Climate Events on Phenology at Flowering Period of 10 Species in Ka Ho Hill, Macao

In order to understand the effect of extreme climate events on plants, the phenology at flowering period of 10 species in Ka Ho Hill, Macao were observed from 2012 to 2017. The results showed that the flowering period of 10 species was usually from March to September, in which that of 4 species was in May. The flowering period of the plants has been significantly advanced or delayed by extreme heavy rainfall in early spring of 2013 and 2016. There were significant relations between flowering period of 9 species and monthly mean temperature or monthly precipitation in autumn and winter of last year and 0-2 months before flowering period. In addition, there was not distinct difference in flowering period of plants between temperature and precipitation, but late-flowering species were relatively sensitive to precipitation. Therefore, these would provide references for ecological restoration and selection of garden tree species in Macao and neighboring islands.