百合科山韭小孢子发生及雄配子体发育

利用石蜡切片对葱属植物山韭(Allium senescens L.)的小孢子发生及雄配子体形成进行了研究.结果表明:山韭花药具4个药室,花药壁由表皮、药室内壁、中层和绒毡层4层细胞组成,属分泌型绒毡层.小孢子母细胞减数分裂的胞质分裂为连续型.成熟花粉为二胞型,偶见三胞型.在小孢子母细胞减数分裂和单核小孢子中出现许多异常行为,如染色体拖曳,落后染色体和后期桥,以及产生微核等,这可能是导致花粉败育的原因之一.

Microsporogenesis and Development of Male Gametophyte in Allium senescens L. (Liliaceae)

The microsporogenesis and development of male gametophyte of Allium senescens L. were studied using method of paraffin section. The anther was found to be 4-sporangiate. The anther wall includes 4 layers: epiderm, endothecium, middle layer and secretory tapetum. Successive cytokinesis in the microspore mother cells (MMCs) follows meiosis. Most mature pollen grains are 2-celled type, rarely 3-celled type. In addition, there are some abnormal phenomena at meiosis of MMCs and uninucleate microspores, including laggard chromosome, chromosome fragments, bridges, double-bridges, micronuclei and so on. These abnormal phenomena is one reason which resulted in abortive pollen.