中国红豆属植物的叶表皮形态学

用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察了红豆属(Ormosia)35种的叶表皮形态，这些植物的叶上下表皮细胞为不规则形或多边形，垂周壁有平直、弓形、浅波状或深波状，表皮细胞形状和垂周壁在种间有一些差异。气孔仅存在于下表皮，形状为椭圆形或卵形，以平列型为主；此外还有其他类型的气孔，如长脐红豆、海南红豆等的气孔为不规则形、不等型；少数种类如亮毛红豆、茸荚红豆等的气孔不明显。气孔外拱盖光滑，呈浅波状、波状或不明显，气孔内拱盖光滑、近光滑、浅波状或不明显；蜡被近光滑、颗粒状、鳞片状、条纹状或结网状；多数种具毛被。叶表皮与气孔器特征可作为区分种、变种或亚种的依据。叶表皮微观形态特征支持红豆属成为一个自然类群。

Leaf Epidermal Morphology of Ormosia Jacks. (Leguminosae) in China

Leaf epidermis of 35 species of Ormosia in China was examined under light microscope (LM) andscanning electron microscope (SEM). The epidermal cells of both upper and lower leaf surfaces are polygonal or irregular in shape, anticlinal walls are straight, arched, sinuolate or sinuate, and stomata are elliptic or ovate. Stomatal apparatuses which occur only on abaxial surface of the leaflets are mainly of paracytic type, but in species such as O. balansae and O. pinnata, the paracytic type sometimes concurs to have anomocytic or anisocytic type, while the stomatal apparatuses are indistinct in a few species such as O. sericeolucida and O. pachycarpa. The ornamentation of the outer stomatal ledge (or rim) is smooth, or granular, or granular and striate, or indistinct; the inner margin of the outer stomatal ledge is smooth, or nearly smooth, or sinuolate or indistinct; the waxornamentation is smooth, or granular, or scaly, or striate, or granular and reticulate. Trichomes on the leaflets were observed . These leaf epidermal characters can be used to distinguish species or varieties within Ormosia, which exhibits that Ormosia is a homogenous natural group.