向日葵离体再生体系的建立

为了建立高效的向日葵离体再生体系，从基因差异、外植体取材、生长素和细胞分裂素浓度、附加物的添加等方面出发，对向日葵愈伤诱导、分化、生根等过程进行了系统优化。结果表明：杂交材料相对于自交材料更容易实现再生；最佳外植体是生长4 d的子叶；最佳愈伤诱导培养基是MS培养基 (MS) +2.0 mg/L 6-苄基腺嘌呤 (6-BA)+0.5 mg/L奈乙酸 (NAA)+1.0 mg/L激动素 (KT)，诱导率最高可达100％；最佳分化培养基是MS+0.2 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+0.3 mg/L KT+0.3 mg/L硝酸银 (AgNO3)+0.2 g/L活性炭 (AC)，芽分化率可达71％；最佳生根培养基是1/2 MS+0.6 mg/L吲哆丁酸 (IBA)，生根率最高为77％。方差分析表明，材料基因型、外植体生长时间、激素、AgNO3、AC对向日葵再生呈现显著性影响。

Establishing the regeneration system of sunflower

In order to establish a high efficient regeneration system of sunflower, we optimized the process of callus induction, differentiation and rooting by screening the optimum genotype, explant materials, hormone and cytokine concentration and additives. The results indicated that hybrid sunflowers were easier to regenerate than selfing ones; The best explant was four days cotyledon. The optimum induction medium was Murashige and Skoog (MS) +2.0 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (6-BA)+0.5 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)+1.0 mg/L kinetin (KT). The maximum rate of callus induction was 100%. The optimum differentiation medium was MS +0.2 mg/L 6-BA +0.5 mg/L NAA +0.3 mg/L KT +0.3 mg/L silver nitrate (AgNO3)+0.2 g/L active carbon (AC), and the buds differentiation rate was up to 71%. The best rooting culture medium was 1/2 MS +0.6 mg/L indolebutyric acid (IBA). The highest rooting rate was 77%. The analysis of variance showed that genotype, explants growth time, different kinds and concentration of hormone, AC concentration had a significant effect on sunflower regeneration.