小干扰RNA透皮递送策略研究进展

小干扰RNA (Small interfering RNA,siRNA)已被用于各种皮肤病的治疗。然而,由于siRNA具有电负性、极性强、易被核酸酶降解以及难以突破皮肤表皮屏障等缺陷,使其应用受限。因此,安全高效的siRNA递送载体是siRNA有效治疗皮肤病的前提。近年来,随着对siRNA研究的不断深入,基于脂质、聚合物、肽和纳米颗粒的递送系统的开发取得了很大进展,一些新的siRNA透皮递送载体应运而生,如类脂质体、树枝状聚合物、细胞穿透肽、球形核酸纳米颗粒等等。文中将重点介绍近年来siRNA透皮递送载体的最新研究进展。

Research progress in transdermal delivery for small interfering RNA

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has been used to treat various skin diseases. However, siRNA is limited in application due to its electronegativity, strong polarity, easy degradation by nuclease and difficulty in breaking through the skin barrier. Therefore, safe and efficient siRNA delivery vector is the premise of effective treatment of skin diseases by siRNA. In recent years, with the deepening of research on siRNA, great progress has been made in the development of delivery systems based on lipids, polymers, peptides and nanoparticles, some new transdermal delivery vectors of siRNA have emerged, such as liposomes, dendrimers, cell penetrating peptides, and spherical nucleic acid nanoparticles. This review will focus on the recent advance in siRNA transdermal delivery vectors.