基于基因芯片对微生物基因功能与群落结构分析的硫化矿生物浸出分析

生物冶金技术因具有流程短、成本低、环境友好, 且特别适合处理低品位、复杂、难处理的矿产资源等优点,已经成为研究热点。然而由于缺少高效菌种以及不能对浸矿体系微生物进行定量分析, 难以对浸矿工艺参数和微生物种群进行优化调控, 从而导致硫化矿生物浸出速度慢、浸出率低。随着基因芯片、菌种保存技术的发展, 这些难题在逐一被解决。对近年来针对硫化矿浸出过程微生物的基因功能与群落结构分析的研究进行了概述, 将帮助我们更好地了解基因组学与生物冶金技术结合的重要作用。

Gene Function and Microbial Community Structure in Sulfide Minerals Bioleaching system Based on Microarray Analysis

Biohydrometallergy technology received more and more attention because of its simple process, low cost and kind to environment, especially in dealing with low-grade and complex minerals. However, it is difficult to optimize microorganism species and process parameters in bioleaching procedure because of the lack of suitable bacteria and quantitative analysis methods at micro-level for bioleaching system. This has resulted in the low efficiency and poor yield of the target metal in bioleaching. With the development of microarray and bacteria conservation technology, solutions to the above problems were being found. This article summarizes the latest findings on genetic elucidation and the community structure of microorganisms in sulfide minerals bioleaching system, in the aim of providing a better understanding on the significance of cross-field technology of biohydrometallergy and genomics.