靶向CS1的CAR-T细胞构建及其抗肿瘤活性的体外研究

文中利用基因工程方法构建包含4-1BB或ICOS的第二代Anti-CS1慢病毒表达载体，以及同时包含这两个共刺激因子的第三代Anti-CS1慢病毒表达载体，通过制备相应慢病毒感染人CD3+T细胞，分别获得靶向CS1的第二代和第三代CAR-T细胞。研究结果表明：以ICOS为共刺激因子及以4-1BB为共刺激因子的第二代CAR-T抗肿瘤活性相似，且在效靶比为1︰1时，含ICOS共刺激因子比含4-1BB共刺激因子的第二代CAR-T细胞对IM9-lucgfp细胞的杀伤效力更高；在效靶比为1︰1、2︰1和5︰1时，第三代CAR-T细胞对IM9-lucgfp细胞的杀伤效力低于第二代；在效靶比为10︰1时，二代和三代CAR-T细胞对IM9-lucgfp细胞的杀伤效力都达到85%以上, 显著高于对照组。综上所述，该研究成功构建了靶向CS1的第二代和第三代CAR-T细胞，其可高效杀伤高表达CS1的肿瘤细胞，且靶向CS1的第二代CAR-T细胞比第三代对肿瘤细胞的杀伤效力更强。

Construction of CAR-T cells targeting CS1 and analysis of their antitumor activity in vitro

We constructed the CS1-targeted second- and third-generation CAR-T cells with genetic engineered 4-1BB or/and ICOS as a costimulatory signaling molecule by use of lentiviral platform. The CS1-targeted second-generation CAR-T cells with ICOS or 4-1BB had similar anti-neoplastic activity. When effector/target ratio was 1:1, the CAR-T cells with ICOS showed better killing effect on IM9-lucgfp cells than those with 4-1BB. However, The CS1-targeted third-generation CAR-T cells exihibited lower cytolytic capacity against IM9-lucgfp cells than the CS1-targeted second-generation CAR-T cells when the ratio of effector/target was 1:1, 2:1 or 5:1. When the ratio of effector/target was 10:1, the killing efficacy of both the second- and third-generation CAR-T cells against IM9-lucgfp cells was more than 85%, significantly higher than that of the control T cells. Taken together, both the CS1-targeted second- and third-generation CAR-T cells with ICOS or/and 4-1BB could efficiently kill CS1-positive multiple myeloma cells, but the CS1-targeted second-generation CAR-T cells had more potent killing effect on CS1-positive multiple myeloma cells than the CS1-targeted third-generation CAR-T cells.