山茶属6种植物叶片解剖结构的耐热性分析

通过石蜡切片观察6种山茶属(Camellia)植物叶片的解剖结构，应用聚类分析、相关性分析对叶片组织结构相关指标进行筛选，进一步采用隶属函数综合评价6种山茶属植物的耐热性。结果表明，6种山茶属植物的叶片均为异面叶，上下表皮均由一层排列紧密的细胞组成，叶肉组织中含有结晶体和不规则的石细胞，栅栏组织由1～3层长圆柱状细胞组成，含有大量叶绿体。影响6种山茶属植物耐热性的主要指标为叶片总厚度、栅栏组织/海绵组织、角质层厚度、组织疏松度。6种山茶属植物耐热性由强到弱依次为大果南山茶(C. semiserrata var. magnocarpa)、莽山红山茶(C. mongshanica)、石果红山茶(C. mairei var. lapidea)、长尾毛蕊茶(C. caudata)、东南山茶(C. edithae)、红皮糙果茶(C. crapnelliana)；按耐热性可分为3类，大果南山茶为耐热型，莽山红山茶为中耐热型，其他4种为低耐热型。

Heat Resistance Analysis of Six Species of Camellia Based on Leaf Anatomy

The leaves of six species of Camellia were studied anatomically by paraffin sections technique. The indicators were screened by cluster analysis and correlation analysis, and the heat resistance of Camellia plants was evaluated by affiliation function method. The results showed that the leaves of six species of Camellia were all heterogeneous. The upper and lower epidermis of leaves consisted of one layer of cells arranged closely. The leaf flesh tissue contained crystals and irregular stone cells, and the fenestrated tissue consisted of one to three layers of long cylindrical cells and contained a large number of chloroplasts. The main indicators affecting the heat resistance of these Camellia plants were leaf thickness, fenestrated tissue/sponge tissue, cuticle thickness, and tissue laxity. Based on heat resistance from strong to weak, order of six species of Camellia was C. semiserrata var. magnocarpa, C. mongshanica, C. mairei var. lapidea, C. caudata, C. edithae, C. crapnelliana. According to the type of heat resistance, These Camellia plants could be divided into three categories: C. semiserrata var. magnocarpa was heat-resistant; C. mongshanica was medium heat-resistant; other 4 plants were low heat-resistant.