荔枝蒂蛀虫绿色防控研究进展

中国是荔枝(Litchi chinensis)的原产地，种植面积和产量规模均居世界第一位，以“岭南果王”著称的中国荔枝在国际鲜果市场享有极高的声誉。荔枝蒂蛀虫(Conopomorpha sinensis)在我国广泛分布于热带南亚热带地区，是荔枝的主要害虫，其幼虫蛀食荔枝果核、果蒂，会影响果实生长发育及商品果率，造成严重的经济损失。荔枝蒂蛀虫的行为隐蔽，世代重叠，难以控制。目前生产上对该虫的控制主要依靠化学防治，但长期使用化学农药容易产生污染环境、药物残留、食品安全以及虫抗药性的问题。本文结合国内外研究进展，着重从荔枝蒂蛀虫生活习性及危害发生规律、预测预报、物理防治、生物防治及生物源农药应用等方面进行综述，并对荔枝蒂蛀虫绿色防控研究方向及以农业防治为基础的综合防治方法进行展望。

Research Progress on Green Prevention and Control of Conopomorpha sinensis

Litchi, known as "King of the Lingnan fruits", originated from China in where litchi has the largest planting area and yield scale. The fresh litchi from China has a high reputation in the international market. Conopomorpha sinensis, widely distributed in tropical and south subtropical regions of China, is the main pest of litchi. The larvae can bore into litchi seeds and pedicels to affect the fruit growth and the rate of commercial fruit. It caused a serious economic loss of litchi industry. Due to its cryptic behavior and overlapping generations, C. sinensis is difficult to control. At present, chemical control is the most widely used approaches to control C. sinensis. However, long-term use of chemical pesticides is prone to environmental pollution, drug residues, food safety and insect resistance problems. Based on the present research progress, this review focused on living habits and harm regularity, forecast and prediction, physical and biological control and biological source of C. sinensis, and prospected the research direction of green control and comprehensive control methods based on agricultural control of C. sinensis.