福建省土壤－蔬菜系统中铬转移规律研究

调查福建省28个蔬菜品种及其土壤铬含量，研究铬在土壤－蔬菜系统中的转移规律。结果表明，供试土壤全铬含量平均值为53.61 mg·kg-1，未超过国家土壤环境质量标准中铬的限量(pH<6.5，农田旱地 <150 mg·kg-1)。供试土壤有效铬含量平均值为0.92 mg·kg-1。蔬菜可食部分铬含量0.001～0.321 mg·kg-1，调查区蔬菜样品铬含量均低于食品安全国家标准。其中，萝卜、空心菜铬含量与土壤全铬呈显著正相关。采样区大部分蔬菜铬含量与土壤有效铬之间相关性不显著。利用DPS统计软件，将蔬菜对土壤全铬和有效铬的转移能力分为高、中、低三等进行分析。根据土壤-蔬菜高、中、低转移规律可指导蔬菜的区域规划种植。

Chromium and its Transfer Characteristics in Soil-vegetable System in Fujian

This paper investigated the transfer characteristics of Cr from soil to vegetable based on the investigation from 28 vegetables and its soil in Fujian. The main results were as follows: The average contents of total Cr of soil was 53.61 mg·kg-1, which was lower than the Cr limit for agricultural land in the Chinese soil environmental quality standard (pH<6.5, dryland<150 mg·kg-1). The average content of available Cr of soil was 0.92 mg·kg-1. The Cr contents of edible parts of vegetables ranged between 0.001—0.321 mg·kg-1. The Cr contents of vegetable samples in the investigation areas were all lower than the national standard of food safety. The Cr contents of turnip and swamp cabbage had significant positive correlation with the soil total Cr. The Cr contents of edible parts of most vegetables species had not significant correlation with the soil available Cr. Using the DPS statistical software, the transfer coefficient of Cr from soil to vegetable was categorized into three categories: the low, the medium and the high transfer capacity, which would give scientific guiding to planting vegetables.