喀斯特石漠化区苔藓植物物种多样性变化

为了揭示喀斯特石漠化地区苔藓植物的物种多样性，通过野外实地调查对贵州喀斯特地区不同程度石漠化区域苔藓植物进行研究。结果表明，苔藓的科、属、种数量随着石漠化程度加剧而下降，其中，强度石漠化的科数最少且显著低于其他三种石漠化类型，比潜在、轻度、中度石漠化地区苔藓科数分别降低70.00%、57.14%、33.33%；轻度石漠化地区的真藓科、青藓科、丛藓科、曲尾藓科等包含属数较多，占总属数34.62%；Shannon-Wiener指数和Simpson指数变化基本一致，随石漠化程度加剧而下降，其中苔藓植物在潜在石漠化地区Shannon-Wiener指数为1.9393，高于其他三种石漠化区域，比强度石漠化区高43.97%，Simpson指数以轻度石漠化过渡到中度石漠化地区物种丰富度下降最快，下降26.73%；潜在石漠化区较其他三个区域拥有更高的苔藓数量。说明苔藓植物的分布和石漠化程度密切相关，随着石漠化程度加重，苔藓植物的科、属、种总数均有不同程度下降。

Changes of Bryophyte Diversity in Karst Rocky Desertification Area

In order to reveal the species diversity of bryophytes in karst rocky desertification areas, the field investigation on mosses in karst areas with different degrees of rocky desertification from Guizhou province were carried out. The main research results were as follows. Along with the increase of rocky desertification degree, the number of bryophyte family, genus and species declined. Among them, the number of mosses families of intense rocky desertification was the least and significantly lower than those of other three types of rocky desertification areas. The number of families in intensity rocky desertification areas was lesser than those of potential, mild, moderate rocky desertification, reduced 70.00%, 57.14%, 33.33%, respectively. Bryaceae, Brachytheciaceae, Pottiaceae and Dicranaceae were the dominant families in mild rocky desertification in terms of the number of subordinate genus, which accounted for the total number 34.62%. Shannon-Wiener and Simpson indices were basically decreased with the intensification of rocky desertification. The Shannon-Wiener index of bryophyte in the potential rocky desertification area was 1.9393, higher than the other three rocky desertification areas was 43.97%, higher than the other three rocky desertification areas. Simpson index from mild to moderate rocky desertification decreased fastest by 26.73%. The amount of moss in potential rocky desertification was higher than that in the other three areas.?The results showed that the amount of mosses was closely related to the degree of rocky desertification. With the increase of the degree of rocky desertification, the total number of families, genera and species of bryophytes decreased to different degrees.