四种植物花蜜腺的解剖学研究

通过对石竹、庐山小檗、活血丹和紫云英四种植物花蜜腺的外部形态、显微切片和扫描电镜观察,了解到石竹花蜜腺是雄蕊类型,蜜汁通过角质层间小孔分泌;庐山小檗花蜜腺是花被类型,其每个分泌表皮细胞的外切向壁中央向内凹陷与角质层之间形成角质层下空隙,蜜汁由表皮细胞分泌后贮存于角质层下空隙中,在蜜汁积累过程中不断增加对角质层的压力,最后冲破角质层分泌到体外;活血丹和紫云英花蜜腺属于花托类型,前者蜜汁从分泌表皮细胞通过角质层直接渗出,后者蜜汁通过变态气孔分泌。本试验的四种植物花蜜腺中维管组织有三种不同类型。

Preliminary research on netcaries of four species of plants

The structure of floral nectaries of following species: Dianthus chinensis,Berberis virgetorum, Glechoma longituba and Astragalus sinicus were investigatedwith light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The nectary of D. Chinensisbelongs to stamen type. The surface of epidermis is covered with thick cuticle whichhas small pores. The nectar is secreted by way of the small pores. The nectary ofB. virgetorum belongs to perigonial type. The epidermal cells have indentation wherethe nectar is secreted to, and they are covered with thin cuticle. During theaccumulation of the nectar, the pressure of the nectar to the cuticle is increasing,until the cuticle is broken and the nectar flows out. G . longituba and A. sinicusbelong to torus type. The former secretion is brought about by epidermal cells whichcovered with thin cuticle. The latter secretion is secreted by way of modifiedstomata. Differentiation of vascular tissue in the nectaries of the four speciesis different and may be classified into three types.