Application of modified supercritical carbon dioxide extraction to microbial quinone analysis |
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| Authors: | Irvan Udin Hasanudin Muhammad Faisal Hiroyuki Daimon Koichi Fujie |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan;(2) Department of Chemical Engineering, University of North Sumatra, Jl. Alumni Kampus USU, Medan, 20155, Indonesia;(3) Department of Agroindustrial Technology, University of Lampung, Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro 1, Kampus Unila, Bandar Lampung, 35145, Indonesia;(4) Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Jl. Syech Abdul Rauf, 23111 NAD, Indonesia |
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| Abstract: | Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) was applied to extract microbial quinones from activated sludge. Identification and analysis was then performed using high-performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) detector and photodiode array detector (PDA). Extracted
microbial quinones were trapped and separated as menaquinones (MK) and ubiquinones (Q) species using two Sep-Pak Plus Silica
cartridges joined in series. Four ubiquinones and 12 menaquinones species were identified in 0.1 g dried activated sludge
based on retention time and spectrum analysis. Among the tested various polar solvents, methanol showed to be the best modifier,
based on the highest total quinone content extracted and the lowest dissimilarity index. The diversity index of quinone and
the number of quinone species using methanol-modified scCO2 were similar to that of the conventional method (organic solvent extraction). |
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