T-RFLP技术分析油藏微生物多样性

应用T-RFLP(末端限制性片段长度多态性)技术分析和比较了胜利油田单12区块的一口注水井(S12-zhu)和三口采油井(S12-4、S12-5和S12-19)的油藏微生物多样性。基于T-RFLP图谱的多样性指数表明注入水样品具有更丰富的细菌和古菌多样性。相似性指数表明,样品间细菌群落结构的相似性介于22.4%～30.8%之间,古菌群落结构的相似性介于20.8%～34.5%之间。查询RDP数据库推测这4个油藏样品所共有的优势微生物可能为Pseudomonas属,Marinobacter属和产甲烷微生物。T-RFLP技术能方便快捷的分析微生物多样性,其在油藏微生物多样性研究上的应用可以为MEOR提供有用的信息。

Microbial diversity in Shengli petroleum reservoirs analyzed by T-RFLP

Recent investigations on the microbial ecology of oil reservoirs in a variety of locales indicated that these habitats harbor various assemblages. In this study, a cultured-independent molecular technique, Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP), was used to analyze the microbial diversity of an injection well (S12-ZHU) and three related production wells (S12-4, S12-5 and S12-19) in the ShengLi oilfield (Shandong province, China). The 16S rRNA genes were amplified by PCR with the 5'carboxy-fluorescein (5-FAM)-labelled universal forward primers (27F for bacteria and 21F for archaea) and a universal reverse primer (1495R). Then the 16S rRNA genes were digested with restriction enzymes (Hae III and Hha I) and analyzed by using an automated DNA sequencer. The Shannon-Wiener Diversity index, based on the T-RFLP profiles, indicated that the bacterial and archaeal species richness in the injection well was higher than those of the production ones. The similarity coefficient showed the microbial community similarity among the four samples was 22.4%-30.8% (Bacteria) and 20.8%-34.5% (Archaea), respectively. According to the analysis by TAP T-RFLP program, species belonging to Pseudomonas, Marinobacter and Methanosarcina as well as some uncultured archaeon were supposed to be the dominant bacteria in all four samples. Thus, this study indicates that T-RFLP is useful for analysis of the microbial diversity in petroleum reservoirs.