新疆青海中度嗜盐放线菌生物多样性初步研究

从我国新疆、青海等地采集数份盐碱土样或泥样，采用淀粉-酪素琼脂培养基、甘油天门冬酰胺琼脂培养基、土壤浸汁琼脂培养基分别从中分离到8株、32株中度嗜盐放线菌菌株。经形态、生理学特性与全细胞壁氨基酸组分分析结果比较，选取其中的14株进行16S rDNA序列分析。就物种多样性而言，新疆、青海分离到中度嗜盐放线菌分布至少有3个科，5个属。其中有拟诺卡氏菌科（Nocardiopsaceae）的拟诺卡氏菌属(Nocardiopsis)和链单孢菌属（Streptomonospora）；假诺卡氏菌科(Pseudonocardiaceae)的普氏菌属(Prauserella)和糖单孢菌属(Saccharomonospora)；链霉菌科(Streptomycetaceae)的链霉菌属(Streptomyces)。就地区分布来讲，新疆分离到的中度嗜盐放线菌种类要远高于青海。

A Primary Study on Biodiversity of Moderately Halophilic Actinomycetes in Xinjiang and Qinghai Area

Some soil and muddy samples were collected from areas of Xinjiang and Qinghai in the west of China. 8 and 32 moderately halophilic actinomycete strains were isolated respectively using Starch_Casein agar, Glycerol_Asparagine agar and Soil_extract agar media. Then 14 strains were chosen for 16S rDNA amplification and systematic analysis based on comparison results with their morphology, physiological characteristics and whole cell_wall amino acids analysis. There were at least 5 genera and more than 10 species of moderately halophilic actinomycetes recovered from Xinjiang and Qinghai from the view of biodiversity, Such as genus Nocardiopsis and genus Streptomonospora of the family Nocardiopsaceae , genus Prauserella and genus Saccharomonospora of the family Pseudonocardiaceae , genus Streptomyces of the family Streptomycetaceae . In addition, the variety from Xinjiang was much higher than from Qinghai area.