我国部分地区土壤中的苏芸金芽孢杆菌和球形芽孢杆菌

从云南、贵州、四川和陕西4省的土壤中分离到大量苏芸金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringie—nsis)和球形芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sphaeticus)菌株。血清型分析表明，苏芸金芽孢杆菌分离株分属于23个血清型中的13个血清型，另有近20％的自凝型菌株及部分与所有标准菌抗血清无反应的菌株。对该两种昆虫病原细菌的生态分布规律进行了分析。研究了全部苏芸金芽孢杆菌分离株对鳞翅目、鞘翅目及双翅目的6种昆虫的毒力特性、伴孢晶体与芽孢的形态，以及晶体蛋白质成分。观察和测定了球形芽孢杆菌分离株的形态和毒力，并分析了部分菌株的晶体蛋白质成分。得到22株高效苏芸金芽孢杆菌和2株高效球形芽孢杆菌。证明苏芸金芽孢杆菌是典型的土壤微生物类群，我国西南地区土壤中的苏芸金芽孢杆菌资源十分丰富。

Survey of Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus sphaericus from soils of four provinces of China and their principal biological properties

A number of isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus sphaericus were obtained from soils of Southwestern Area and Shaanxi Province of China. Among isolates of B. thuringiensis were under 13 sorts of serotype in total of 23 sorts of B. thuringiensis and about 20% of auto-agglutinate strains. Rules of ecologic distribution of two sorts of bacteria were analysed. Toxicities on six species of insects, morphology and crystal proteins of B. thuringiensis, as well as toxicities, morphology and crystal proteins of B. sphaericus, were investigated. 22 strains of more efficient of B. thuringiensis and 2 strains of more efficient of B. sphaericus were obtained. It was shown that B. thuringiensis is actually soil microorganism, and resource of B. thuringiensis is much fruitful in Southwestern Area of China.