重庆中国三峡博物馆临时展厅内空气微生物调查检测

目的调查重庆中国三峡博物馆临时展厅内空气微生物的数量和种类，进而为博物馆等公共场所的环境安全提供评估依据。方法利用空气采样器对博物馆不同楼层的临时展厅进行空气微生物采样，利用纯培养的方法对空气微生物进行数量检测，利用全自动生化鉴定仪对微生物种类进行生化鉴定。，结果四楼临时展厅中的细菌数量达到（509±65．06）CFU／m3，显著高于其他楼层的临时展厅（P〈0．05），而一楼临时展厅内的真菌数量为（14±5．29）CFU／m3，显著高于二楼和i楼临时展厅（P〈0．05），但与四楼临展内比较差异尤统计学意义（P〉0．05）。临时展厅内空气微生物中的真菌以曲霉属（Aspergillus）为主，还包括毛霉属（Mucor）、青霉属（Penicillium）、孢子丝菌属（Sporothrix）以及根霉属（Rhizopus）；细菌则以微球菌属（Micrococcus）为主，还包括芽孢杆菌属（BaciUus）、假单胞菌属（Pseudomonadaceae）、葡萄球菌属（Staphylococcus）、棒状杆菌属（Corynebacterium）、放线菌属（Actinomyces）、苏黎世菌属（Turicella）和黄杆菌属（Flavobacterium）。结论普通参观日内，重庆中国三峡博物馆临时展厅内空气微生物浓度能够满足我国《室内空气质量标准》（GBT18883—2002）的要求，且微生物种类以条件性致病菌为主，正常条件下不会导致传染性疾病的发生。

Airborne microbial content in the temporary exhibition halls of China Three Gorges Museum

Objective To investigate the airborne microbial content in the temporary exhibition halls of a museum so as to evaluate the biological-origin indoor air pollution. Methods The air-borne microorganisms in the temporary exhibition halls on different floor of China Three Gorges Museum were sampled by the air-sampler. The microor-ganisms were isolated and identified by using pure culture and biochemical test. Results The count of the bacteria on the fourth floor of the temporary exhibition hall was （509 ＋ 65.06） CFE/m3 , which was significantly higher （ P 〈 0.05 ） than the results of other floors. The number of the fungi sampled from the first floor was （ 14 ±5.29） CFU/ms. No obvious difference was found in fungi count between the first floor and the fourth floor （ P 〉 0.05 ） , but compared with the second floor and the third floor, statistical significance was observed （P 〈 0.05 ）. The predominant microbes included Filamentous fungi （Aspergillus spp. , Mucor spp. , Penicillium spp. , Sporothrix spp. and Rhizopus spp. ）, Gram-positive cocci （Micrococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. ）, Gram-negative bacteria （Pseudomonadaceae spp. and Flavobacterium spp. ） and endospore-forming baclilli （Bacillus spp. ）. Conclusion In routine open days, the concentrations of airborne bacteria and fungi in the temporary exhibition halls of China Three Gorges Museum can meet the requirement of the national indoor air quality standards （GBT18883-2002）. The microbial taxa isolated from indoor air mainly belong to opportunistic pathogen, which can not cause infectious diseases under normal conditions.