高脂饮食对雄性SD大鼠肠道菌群的影响

目的探讨通过膳食饲喂高脂饲料诱发的高脂血症大鼠肠道菌群结构的变化。方法 24只SD（Spra-gue Dawley,SD）雄性大鼠随机分为A、B两组,分别连续饲喂基础饲料和高脂饲料42 d,并于第0、9、18、30和42天采集大鼠粪便,应用DGGE（Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis）和q-PCR技术对肠道菌群进行定性定量分析。结果第42天时A、B组大鼠血清总胆固醇值（TC）分别为（2.01±0.14）mmol/L、（5.16±0.22）mmol/L,B组TC水平较A组明显增高（P〈0.05）。DGGE电泳图谱显示B组42 d时肠道菌群构成较0 d时变化显著,而A组不同时期肠道菌落构成无明显差异。q-PCR定量结果显示,随着饲喂高脂饲料天数的增加,B组小鼠肠道内乳杆菌属和双歧杆菌属较0 d明显降低（P〈0.01）,而拟杆菌门数量呈递减趋势且趋势比较平缓;梭菌属呈递增趋势且增幅相对拟杆菌门的变化较大。结论高脂饮食可导致肠道菌群结构的改变,这种改变会进一步促进高脂血症的形成。

Intake of a high-fat diet alters intestinal flora in male SD rats

Objective To investigate the changes of intestinal flora of hyperlipidemia rats induced by high-fat diet.Method Twenty-four male SD(Sprague Dawley,SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups equally: Group A(control group) and Group B(hyperlipidemia group).They were fed 42 days with basal food and hyperlipid food respectively.The intestinal microflora were analyzed on days 0,9,18,30 and 42 by PCR-DGGE and Real Time-PCR technology.Result The total serum cholesterol(TC) level on the 42nd day was significantly lower in Group A than in Group B(2.01 mmol/L±0.14 mmol/L vs 5.16 mmol/L±0.22 mmol/L).DGGE(Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) profiles indicated that there were significant differences in Group B samples collected on day 0,9,18,30 and 42,but not in Group A.The q-PCR results demonstrated that with the increase of the high-fat diets,the amount of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria changed significantly(P<0.01) in Group B.Compared with Group A,the quantity of Bacteroidetes in Group B decreased gradually.However,the number of Clostridium increased and the rate was sharp.Conclusion Intestinal microflora can be affected by high-fat diet,which can accelerate the development of hyperlipidemia.