大气污染对人体免疫功能及微生态的影响

目的 :探讨大气污染对免疫功能及呼吸道菌群的影响 ,为改善生存环境 ,提高生存质量 ,预防呼吸道疾患提供科学依据。方法 :选择重污染区和轻污染区 ,以没有职业接触 ,近 3个月未用抗生素类药物的6～ 8岁儿童作为研究对象 ,用酶联免疫法检测血清免疫球蛋白含量 ;对其口咽部菌群进行定性、定量分析 ,进行对比研究。结果 :免疫球蛋白水平和口咽部菌群受外环境的影响较大 ,重污染区儿童 Ig A、Ig M水平低于轻污染区 ,Ig G、Ig E水平高于轻污染区 ,差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 1或 P<0 .0 5 ) ,重污染区儿童口咽部菌群密度明显高于轻污染区 (P<0 .0 1) ,且需氧菌与厌氧菌之比也明显增高 (P<0 .0 1) ,甲型链球菌检出率较低(P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :大气污染对免疫球蛋白水平和呼吸道菌群的定植具有明显的影响 ,是使免疫功能受到损害 ,微生态失调 ,呼吸道疾病感染率增高的重要因素。

EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON IMMUNOFUNCTION AND RESPIRATORY TRACT MICROECOSYSTEM OF HUMAN BODIES

Objectives:To approach the effects of air pollution on immunofunction and respiratory tract flora of human bodies in order to provide scientific basis for improving existent and preevting diseases Methods:Children aged 6-8 years from severe and mild pollution area without accupational exposure and administering antibiotics in the latest three months were selected and determined qualitatively and qualtiatively for their oral pharynx flora Results:Oral-pharynx flora were greatly affected by external environment The IgA and IgM level of the children was much lower and IgG and IgE was higher in the sever area than that in the mild one(P<0 01 or P<0 05) The density of children's oral-pharyngeus flora was markedly higher in the sever area than that in the mild one (P<0 01) The ratio or aerobes and anaerobes was obviously increased(P<0 05) Conclusion:Air pollution markedly influenced the important factor for damaging of immunofunction and imbalance of microecosystem and the increasing incidence of reapiratory diseases