双歧杆菌对梗阻性黄疸大鼠肠道细菌移位影响的研究

目的观察梗阻性黄疸大鼠肠道细菌移位状况及经胃肠道给予双歧杆菌对肠道细菌移位的影响。方法Wistar大鼠30只随机分为3组：假手术组（SO组）、梗阻性黄疸组（OJ组）及双歧杆菌组。模型制备后第10天检测各组肝功能指标及血浆内毒素水平，取肝、脾、肠系膜淋巴结等肠道外器官组织行细菌培养，光镜观察末端回肠黏膜变化。结果 OJ组较SO组肝功能指标明显改变（P〈0．05），双歧杆菌组肝功能指标较OJ组改善。SO组血浆内毒素水平为（0．26±0．22）EU／ml，OJ组内毒素水平为（1．99±0．31）EU／ml，较SO组明显升高（P〈0．01），双歧杆菌组血浆内毒素水平为（0．74±0．20）EU／ml，较OJ组明显降低（P〈0．01）。OJ组肝、脾、肠系膜淋巴结中细菌移位率高于另两组，其中肠系膜淋巴结细菌移位率为90％，明显高于SO组及双歧杆菌组（P〈0．05）。光镜显示OJ组肠黏膜萎缩，绒毛水肿，部分上皮细胞脱落；双歧杆菌组肠黏膜上皮改变较OJ组明显减轻。结论梗阻性黄疸时出现明显的细菌移位与内毒素血症。应用微生态制剂可保护梗阻性黄疸时小肠黏膜屏障功能，减少肠源性细菌移位及内毒素血症的发生。

Effect of Bifidobacteria on intestinal bacterial translocation in experimental obstructive jaundice

Objective To investigate the effects of enteral administration of Bifidobacteria on intestinal bacteria translocation that was induced by obstructive jaundice in rats. Methods A total of 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups of 10 each： Ⅰ, sham operated; Ⅱ, bile duct ligation （BDL） ; Ⅲ, BDL ＋ bifidobacteria treatment group. Group Ⅰ：10 rats underwent laparotomy, common bile duct （CBD） was not actually ligated and transected, but sham ligation of CBD was performed. Groups Ⅱ , Ⅲ ：20 rats underwent laparotomy, CBD ligation and transection. Terminal ileal samples for histology ,tissue specimens from the mesenteric lymph nodes （MLNs） ,spleen （SPL） ,and liver （LIV） for culture,and portal blood samples for the liver function and endotoxin measurements were obtained 10 days later. Results Compared to the controls, a significant increase in contaminated MLN Samples was noted in group Ⅱ （ P 〈 0.05 ） but were significantly reduced in group Ⅲ （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The liver function was significantly improved in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅱ. The value of endotoxin in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅱ （ 0.74 ± 0.20 ） EU/ml vs（ 1.99 ± 0.31 ） EU/ml, P 〈 0.01 ]. Histologically,shortened and blunted villi, and even subtotal villous atrophy were observed in the small intestinal mueosa in BDL group. However ,the damaged ileum mucosa was markedly repaired after bifidobacteria-supplemented formula. Conclusion Enteral administration of the probiotic bifidobacteria in the presence of obstructive jaundice improves the ileal histology, ameliorates BT and endotoxemia.