甲癣局部用药体外药效实验方法研究进展

甲真菌病是皮肤科的常见病,是由皮肤癣菌、酵母菌和非皮肤癣菌性霉菌侵犯甲板和(或)甲床所致的病变,其中由皮肤癣菌感染引起的甲真菌病称为甲癣。人甲板中角蛋白硬、厚且致密,从而形成一个完美屏障。针对甲板的特殊解剖结构,需要局部治疗药物具备穿透指甲屏障,体现高活性抗皮肤癣菌的特质。目前,甲癣的局部用药体外药效学研究没有统一的标准,缺乏指导依据。本文查阅近年来文献报道,综述甲癣局部治疗药物的体外药敏实验、药物与甲板内角蛋白亲和力实验以及药物在甲板内的渗透等,并阐述上述实验方法的模型选择、方式方法及方法间的比较,以推荐适合化合物筛选的方法。

In vitro pharmacodynamic study on topical treatment for tinea unguium: Research progress

Abstract: Onychomycosis is a common dermatological disease, which is the infection of nail plate and (or) nail bed caused by dermatophytes, yeasts and nondermatophyte molds. Onychomycosis caused by dermatophytes is called tinea unguium. The keratin in the nail is hard, thick and dense, which forms a perfect barrier. The special anatomy of the nail plate requires topical treatments that have the property of penetrating the nail barrier to show high activity against dermatophytes. At present, there is no uniform standard for the in vitro pharmacodynamic study on topical administration and guidance for tinea unguium. Based on the literatures in recent years, this review summarized the researches on tinea unguium drugs including the in vitro tests for antifungal susceptibility, tests for the affinity to keratin and antifungal activity in the presence of keratin, and drug permeation test, elaborated the model selection, test procedures, comparison between the methods, and recommended suitable compound screening methods.