云南省腾冲县药用维管植物资源与多样性

研究区域药用植物资源的分布与多样性,可为区域药用植物资源保护和开发利用提供科学依据。于2010-2011年期间,采用野外调查、标本采集、文献资料与标本查阅等方法,对腾冲县药用维管植物资源进行了系统研究。结果表明:腾冲县有药用维管植物153科450属651种,其中蕨类植物32科51属68种,裸子植物仅有3科3属4种,被子植物118科396属579种。腾冲县药用植物优势科为唇形科、菊科和豆科。从药用部位来看,全草类植物比例较高,其次是根和根茎类。按药用功效划分,腾冲药用维管植物以清热、祛风湿和活血化瘀类药用植物居多。在此基础上,提出了加强县域药用植物种质资源合理开发和有效保护的建议与措施。

Germplasm Resources and Diversity of Medicinal Vascular Plants in Tengchong County,Yunnan Province

The study of medicinal plant resources and their diversity is important for future sustainable development and conservation. Based on field work, sample collection, herbarium inspection, and literature search, a total of 651 medicinal vascular species were recorded in Tengchong County, Yunnan Province. The species belonged to 450 genera and 153 families, among which pteridophyte had 32 families, 51 genera and 68 species; gymnosperms had 3 families, 3 genera and 4 species; and angiosperms had 118 families, 396 genera and 579 species. Dominant species were from the families of Labiatae, Compositae and Leguminosae. The number of plants that used whole plantlets as the medicinal parts was largest, followed by radices and rhizomes. Most plants found in Tengchong County were used as antipyretics, antirheumatics and drugs for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Based on the above analysis, strategies for resources protection and sustainable exploitation are discussed in this paper.