鄂西南后河一个典型稀有濒危植物群落的结构特征研究

研究了鄂西南后河一个典型的稀有濒危植物群落的结构特征。结果表明：在1400m^2的样地中自然分布有15种稀有濒危植物；群落优势种为水青树（Tetracentron sinensis)、金钱戚（Dipteronia sinensis);主要种群的空间分布格局除银鹊树为随机分布外，都为集群分布的格局；水青树银鹊树（Tapiscia sinsis)和珙桐（Davidia involucrata）种群结构呈衰老型，金钱椒、天师栗（Aesculus wilsonii)和光叶珙桐（Davidia involucrata var.vilkmorniana)种群表现为旺盛增长型结构，水青冈（Fagus longipetiolata)则表现为成熟的种群结构；群落垂直分层明显，可分为乔木层、灌木层和草本层；整个群落结构稳定，稀有濒危植物在群落中无论是在乔木层还是在其他层次中均占有很大的优势；但如果人为大量采挖稀有濒危植物小苗，群落将会演替成以水青冈等稀有濒危植物为主的群落。

Structure Characteristics of a Typical Community of the Rare and Endangered Plants of Houhe Nature Reserve in the Southwest Hubei

The structure characteristics of a typical community of rare and endangered plants of Houhe Nature Reserve in the Southwest Hubei were studied . The results showed that there were 15 species of rare and endangered plants in 1400 m 2 samples. The dominant species of the community were Tetracentron sinense and Dipteronia sinensis . The spatial pattern of the main populations were the clump type except that the population of Tapiscia sinensis was the random type. The tree class structure of Tetracentron sinense, Tapiscia sinensis and Davidia involucrata populations were senescent type, Dipteronia sinensis, Aesculus wilsonii and Davidia involucrata var. vilmorniana populations were vigorous type structure and Fagus longipetiolata population was adult type structure. The vertical structure of the community was composed by tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer. The structure of the whole community was stable. The rare and endangered plants of the community predominated both in the tree layer and others layers. The community might success to the community which dominant species were not rare and endangered plants if the seedlings of the rare and endangered plants in the community were excessively collected.