云南乃古石林5种藓类植物的水土保持作用

对云南乃古石林出现频度最高的5种藓类植物做了水土保持作用研究。5种藓类植物鳞叶藓（Taxiphyl-lum taxirameum（Mitt.）Fleisch.）、灰白青藓（Brachythecium albicans（Hedw.）B.S.G.）、小牛舌藓全缘亚种（Anomodon minor subsp.integerrimus（Mitt.）Iwats.）、中华细枝藓（Lindbergia sinensis（C.Muell.）Broth.）和拟扁枝藓（Homaliadelphus targionianus（Mitt.）Dix.et P.Varde）的生物量等测定结果显示：平均生物量为24.31～103.78 g/m2,平均饱和吸水率为818.24%～1462.02%,最高的达到1659.27%,最低的也达到了590.95%;平均饱和吸水量为216.92～791.80 g/m2,最高的达到1790.28 g/m2;平均成土率为47.32%～111.58%,最高的达到194.82%,最低的也达到19.33%;平均成土量为9.01～46.73 g/m2,最高的达到110.17 g/m2。小牛舌藓全缘亚种的平均饱和吸水量和平均生物量远远高于其他4种藓类,分别为：791.80 g/m2和103.78 g/m2。相关性分析表明,小牛舌藓全缘亚种的保水成土相关性最显著。它的干重与饱和吸水重、生物量与干重、生物量与饱和吸水量、生物量与成土量、饱和吸水量与成土量都是呈正极显著相关。研究结果表明,在乃古石林剑状喀斯特这种缺少土壤、干旱且保水能力弱的景区环境,藓类植物以其特有的生态功能在石林景观多样性、水土保持等方面具有十分重要的作用。

Soil and Water Conservation of Five Mosses in the Naigu Stone Forest of Yunnan Province

Soil and water conservation of five mosses were investigated in Naigu Stone Forest of Yunnan province.The five highest frequency mosses were Taxiphyllum taxirameum（Mitt.） Fleisch.,Brachythecium albicans（Hedw.） B.S.G.,Anomodon minor subsp.integerrimus（Mitt.） Iwats.,Lindbergia sinensis（C.Muell.） Broth.and Homaliadelphus targionianus（Mitt.） Dix.et P.Varde.Determination of biomass,pedogenesis quantity,saturated water adsorption rate and quantity of the five mosses showed that the average biomass ranged from 24.31 g/m2 to 103.78 g/m2,average saturated water adsorption rate ranged from 818.24% to 1462.02%（highest of 1659.27%）,average saturated water adsorption quantity ranged from 216.92 g/m2 to 791.80 g/m2（highest of 1790.28 g/m2） average pedogenesis ranged from 47.32% to 111.58%（highest of 194.82%）,and average pedogenesis quantity ranged from 9.01 g/m2 to 46.73 g/m2（highest of 110.17 g/m2）.Experiments showed that the average saturated water adsorption quantity and average biomass of Anomodon minor subsp.integerrimus were greatest,791.80 g/m2 and 103.78 g/m2,respectively.Anomodon minor subsp. integerrimus exhibited the most significant correlation with soil water retention.Dry weight and fresh weight,biomass and dry weight,biomass and saturated water adsorption quantity,biomass and pedogenesis quantity,saturated water adsorption and pedogenesis quantity showed positive correlations.Therefore,the results indicated that the mosses had high ability to absorb and reserve water.The mosses showed a remarkable effect on pedogenesis,which is significant for landscape diversity and soil and water conservation in stone karst regions.