湖北后河国家级自然保护区生物多样性及其保护对策 II.生物多样性保护现状、威胁及其对策

湖北后河自然保护区拥有丰富的生物多样性,为中国生物多样性三大关键地区之一的川东-湘鄂西关键地区的重要组成部分。但所处的贫困山区少数民族县长期以来以森工产业为其县域经济的主要支柱,长期的木材采伐和狩猎习俗曾对该保护区的生物多样性带来了严重破坏。自然保护区的建立使其生物多样性逐渐得到了有效保护,特别是升为国家级自然保护区后,生物多样性保护进入了一个新阶段。但该保护区的生物多样性依然面临多种威胁,保护区自身科学研究力量的薄弱和保护区面积相对较小,限制着该区域生物多样性的进一步研究和保护。进一步扩充保护区面积、引进科研力量并提升自身人员科研素质、协调并增强区内外社区共管是该区生物多样性得到进一步保护和恢复的当务之急。

Situation and Strategy of Biodiversity Conservation in the Houhe National Nature Reserve,Hubei Province,China II.Situation,Threaten and Strategy of Biodiversity Conservation

The Houhe National Nature Reserve(HNNR) is rich of biodiversity,and as a part of the key region of biodiversity from the eastern Sichuan to the western Hubei and northwestern Hunan,which is one of the three biodiversity centers in China.However,biodiversity of HNNR was damaged in the past years mainly by deforestation and hunting,since Wufeng is a poverty mountainous county and forest industries has been its main economic pillar for a long time.Fortunately,with the establishment and development of the reserve, the biodiversity richness has been effectively protected,especially after its upgrading to national level in 2000,the effort to conservation strategy in HNNR has been greatly enhanced.At the same time,biodiversity in HNNR is still facing threat from various factors.The shortage of research personnel and small size of its area have limited advanced study and conservation of the biodiversity in the reserve.For the future conservation and recovery of the biodiversity,introducing well-trained research personnel and improving the research facilities,enlarging the areas of the reserve and advancing the community co-management are the highest priorities for the moment.