中国栽培稻的起源与演化

中国栽培稻起源地主要有4种假说:华南起源说、云南起源说、长江中下游说和长江中游-淮河上游说。对其进行了简要概括,并进行评述:目前没有一种假说能完全符合水稻起源的4个条件,此外有些学者提出水稻的多起源中心;从分子生物学角度综述了栽培稻籼粳分化研究进展,主要有两个起源说:一源论和二次(或多次)起源论,大量研究支持籼稻和粳稻多起源论;从古DNA、水稻落粒性与驯化、植硅石等方面探讨栽培稻起源演化的研究方法。旨在能为水稻的起源演化研究提供有价值的参考。

Origin and Evolution of the Chinese Cultivated Rice

Four main hypotheses for the origin of Chinese cultivated rice are summarized and discussed in present paper.There are South China origin,Yunnan origin,middle and lower Yangtze River area origin and middle Yangtze River and upper Huai River area origin,respectively.At present,no hypothesis completely accords with the four conditions as the rice origin region.Some scholars also suggest the multi-regional origin of the cultivated rice;The recent progresses in the study of differentiation of Indica and Japonica are illustrated in view of molecular biology.The single domestication and the double domestication hypotheses are outlined and the latter hypothesis is accepted widely;Some approaches including ancient DNA,the relationship between shattering and domestication,morphological analysis of phytoliths are introduced for the further research of origin and evolution of rice.