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空心莲子草茎的解剖结构对不同水湿生境的适应研究
引用本文:陶勇,江明喜.空心莲子草茎的解剖结构对不同水湿生境的适应研究[J].武汉植物学研究,2004,22(1):65-71.
作者姓名:陶勇  江明喜
作者单位:中国科学院武汉植物园,武汉,430074
基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程方向性项目(KSCX2-SW-104)资助。
摘    要:研究了空心莲子草茎的解剖结构对水分变化的适应,这些空心莲子草生活在因水分差异而形成的3种生境类型中。对茎表蜡质层厚度、髓腔面积/髓部面积、厚角细胞层数、厚角细胞壁厚、韧皮纤维束数、韧皮纤维壁厚、导管束数、导管腔大小8个结构参数的分析结果表明:茎的全部结构参数随水分条件的变化都有显著或极显著的差异,其趋异程度的大小顺序是,导管腔大小>厚角细胞壁厚>蜡质层厚度>髓腔面积/髓面积>韧皮纤维细胞壁厚>韧皮纤维束数>厚角细胞层数>导管束数;水分变化对机械组织细胞壁结构影响较大,而对细胞数量的影响较小;茎的结构在旱生生境中变异较大,保证了它对不均一环境的适应;空心莲子草茎的结构既具有旱生性特点又具有水生性特点,其结构究竟朝哪个方向发展,取决于环境水分条件。从茎的结构上看,治理该种应以限制其导管腔和髓腔分化为主要手段。

关 键 词:空心莲子草  生境类型  水湿条件    解剖结构  适应
文章编号:1000-470X(2004)01-0065-07

Study on Anatomical Structure Adaptation of Stem of Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb to Various Water Condition
TAO Yong,JIANG Ming-Xi.Study on Anatomical Structure Adaptation of Stem of Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb to Various Water Condition[J].Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research,2004,22(1):65-71.
Authors:TAO Yong  JIANG Ming-Xi
Abstract:Eight parameters which were thickness of waxy layer, proportion of pith cavity area to pith area, amount of collenchyma cell layers, thickness of collenchyma cell wall,amount of phloem fiber clusters,diameter of vessel lumen,amount of vessel clusters,thickness of phloem fiber cell wall , were used to study the adaptation of anatomical structure of the stem of Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb to the changing of water in this paper, by the studied plants grown in three kinds of different habitats with water variance .The results showed that along with the changing of water, all of the parameters have significant differences; the divergent degrees of them in all habitats, in turn, are diameter of vessel lumen> thickness of collenchyma cell wall> thickness of waxy layer> proportion of pith cavity area to pith area> thickness of phloem fiber cell wall> amount of phloem fiber clusters> amount of collenchyma cell layers> amount of vessel clusters. The influence of water changing on the structure of cell walls of mechanical tissue is greater than the quantities of the cells. The variation of the structure of stem is greater in terrestrial type than in floating one. The anatomical structure of the stem of Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb has both terrestrial characters and aquatic characters, and to which direction it is on earth to develop will be determined by the water conditions in habitats. In the eyes of the anatomical structure of stem, it would be a chief measure to suppress the differentiation of vessel lumen and pith cavity for harnessing the overrun of the species.
Keywords:Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart  ) Griseb  Stem  Water condition  Habitat type  Anatomical structure  Adaptation
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