濒危植物大别山五针松根际细菌群落特征与功能分析

植物根际微生物群落对植物健康生长有重要影响, 每种植物根际都有其特定的微生物群落。大别山五针松(Pinus dabeshanensis)被国际自然保护联盟列为濒危物种, 具有重要研究价值。该研究采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术与生物信息学方法, 对濒危植物大别山五针松根际细菌群落特征与功能进行分析。结果表明, 大别山五针松根际微生物的主要种类为变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门和疣微菌门。网络分析表明, 大别山五针松根际细菌类群存在显著相关性, 其中Bryobacter属、Bradyrhizobium属和未定义的TK10属是互作网络中的重要节点。PICRUSt1功能预测表明其微生物组功能主要为氨基酸运输和代谢、细胞壁/膜/膜生物发生以及能量产生和转换。FAPROTAX功能预测表明, 大别山五针松根际富含的优势菌群具有丰富的化学异养、纤维素水解、需氧化学异养和固氮功能, 其对植物生长发育具有重要作用。研究结果可为培育健康的大别山五针松根际微生物菌群及微生物资源的开发利用提供重要依据。

Characteristics and Function Analysis of Rhizosphere Bacterial Community of Endangered Plant Pinus dabeshanensis

Plant rhizosphere microbial community markedly impact on the healthy growth of plants, and each plant rhizosphere has its own specific microbial community. Pinus dabeshanensis was listed as an endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, and it is very important for scientific research. In order to explore the characteristics and functions of rhizosphere bacterial community of this endangered species, high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis on bacterial 16S rRNA were used. The results showed that the major species of rhizosphere microorganisms of P. dabeshanensis were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Acidobacteriota and Verrucomicrobiota. Network analysis showed that there were significant correlations among rhizosphere bacterial groups of P. dabeshanensis, Bryobacter, Bradyrhizobium and an unidentified genus TK10 were important nodes in the network. PICRUSt1 function prediction indicated that the microbiome functions mainly involved with amino acid transport and metabolism, cell wall/membrane/membrane biogenesis, energy production and conversion. The functional prediction of FAPROTAX showed that the dominant flora in the rhizosphere of P. dabeshanensis had functions enriched in such processes as chemical heterotrophic, cellulose hydrolysis, aerobic chemical heterotrophic and nitrogen fixation, which plays an important role in plant growth and development. The results of this study provide a research basis for cultivating healthy rhizosphere microbial flora for P. dabeshanensis, and for the development and utilization of microbial resources for a better growth of plants.