集群栽培对棉花种内关系的影响

为了检验假说“1穴3株集群栽培方式改变了棉花(Gossypium hirsutum)的种内关系, 从而使得经济产量显著提高”, 通过分析在集群和传统栽培方式下棉花各器官的生长特性, 阐明集群栽培下不同穴距对棉花种内关系的影响。结果表明, 与传统1穴1株种植相比, 集群栽培方式下随着穴距的减小, 棉花的茎秆生长显著降低, 在穴距为28 cm时, 叶片生物量最大且籽棉产量最高。进一步分析相对邻体效应(RNE), 发现穴距对棉花茎秆、叶片和籽棉产量的RNE影响都极为显著; 同时, 随着穴距的减小, 茎秆RNE值呈先升高后降低趋势, 且均为负值, 负效应强度在穴距为28 cm时最小。叶片和籽棉产量的RNE值均为正值, 且在穴距为28 cm时正效应强度最大。上述研究结果表明, 集群栽培改变了棉花的种内关系, 且在穴距为28 cm时, 对棉花籽棉产量的助长作用最大。

Effect of Cluster Planting Pattern on Intraspecific Interactions of Cotton

We aimed to investigate the effect of a cluster-planting pattern on intraspecific interactions and test whether cluster planting can modify the type and intensity of intraspecific interactions, thus increasing yield. The growth characteristics of different organs of cotton under cluster and traditional planting patterns were studied and the effect of different hole distances on intraspecific interactions were analyzed. As compared with the traditional planting pattern of one plant in a hole, with cluster planting, the stem growth was reduced significantly, along with decreased hole distance, but the leaf growth and yield was highest with 28 cm hole distance. Moreover, different hole distances significantly affected the relative neighbor effect (RNE): the stem RNE increased then decreased with decreasing hole distance, but the values were all negative and the intensity of the negative effect was minimal with the 28 cm hole distance. Leaf and yield RNE were posi- tive and the intensity of the positive effect was maximal with the 28 cm hole distance. Cluster planting may effect intraspecific interactions. This facilitation is maximal for yield of cotton with the 28 cm hole distance.