北柴胡(Bupleurum chinese)花序分化进程研究

为了了解造成北柴胡(Bupleurum chinese)种子发芽率低、无胚率高等种子质量问题的原因, 本文对北柴胡花序分化进程的各个时期以及不同位置花序分化进程的差异进行了研究。根据观察结果,将北柴胡花序分化进程划分为初生期、小伞原基分化期、小花原基分化期、雌雄蕊原基分化期、生殖结构分化始期和花粉粒完熟期6个时期。同时, 发现各级次级花序均比上一级花序在分化进程上落后至 少1个时期。不同位置花序分化进程的不同步性是导致北柴胡种子质量问题的一个重要原因。通过人工措施促进早分化的主茎及Ⅰ和Ⅱ级花序发育, 抑制晚发育的Ⅲ和Ⅳ级花序发育, 可望提高北柴胡的种子质量。

Studies of the Inflorescence Differentiation Process in Bupleurum chinese

In seeds of Bupleurum chinese, some problems exist such as low germination rate and high inembryonate rate. To investigate the reasons for these problems, the phases of inflorescence differentiation and the variation of differentiation processes between inflorescences at different positions were studied. Inflorescence differentiation can be divided into 6 phases: primary, rundlet primordium, floret primordium, pistil and stamen primordium, initial reproduction structure and pollen maturation. Meanwhile, the lower branch inflorescences fell behind the upper ones in differentiation at least for one phase during differentiation. The failure of synchrony in differentiation processes between inflorescences at different positions leads to nonconformity in stage and degree of seed maturity, which is the important element affecting seed quality in B. chinese. So regulation of the differentiating inflorescences in different positions by artificial methods may be practical for improving seed quality.