植物质膜蛋白质组的逆境应答研究进展

质膜作为原生质体与外界环境的屏障, 除了维持正常的细胞内稳态和营养状况, 还参与感知和应答各种环境胁迫。近年来, 植物质膜蛋白质组学研究为深入分析植物应答不同生物和非生物胁迫的分子机制提供了重要信息, 已经报道了模式植物拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)和水稻(Oryza sativa)等10种植物质膜应对生物胁迫(白叶枯病菌(Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae)感染)与非生物胁迫(冷、盐、水淹、渗透、高pH值、Fe缺乏及过量、氮素、脱落酸、壳聚糖和壳寡糖)过程的蛋白质丰度模式变化。通过整合分析植物质膜响应逆境的蛋白质组学研究结果, 揭示了质膜在植物应答逆境胁迫过程中的重要作用。植物通过调节转运蛋白、通道蛋白及膜泡运输相关蛋白的丰度变化促进细胞内外的信号传递、物质交换与运输; 同时利用膜相关的G蛋白、Ca²⁺信号、磷酸肌醇信号途径及BR信号途径等多种信号通路, 通过蛋白质可逆磷酸化作用感知和传递胁迫信号, 调节植物抵御胁迫。研究结果为从蛋白质水平认识质膜逆境应答分子调控机制提供了新线索。

Research Advances in Stress-responsive Plant Plasma Membrane Proteomic

The plasma membrane (PM) is a crucial barrier between the protoplast and environment. In addition to maintaining normal cellular homeostasis and plant nutrient status, the PM perceives and responds to various environmental stress. In recent years, plant PM proteomic investigations provide valuable information for insights into the molecular mechanisms of the plant in response to different biotic and abiotic stimuli. Plant PM proteomics have revealed diverse PM protein expression patterns in 10 plant species including Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa in response to biotic stress (e.g., Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae infection) and abiotic stress (e.g., cold, salt, flooding, osmosis, high pH, Fe, nitrogen, abscisic acid, chitosan, and chitooligosaccharide). Studies have revealed the important role of the plant plasma membrane in response to stress by integrative analysis of plant PM proteomic information from recent publications, including regulation of intracellular and extracellular signal transmission; material exchange and transport by transporter, channel protein and vesicle transport-related proteins; and perception and transmission of the stress signal by signal transduction pathways, such as membrane-associated G protein, Ca²⁺ signaling transduction, the phosphoinositide signaling pathway, the brassinosteroid signal pathway and reversible phosphorylation of proteins, adapting the plant to stress. The research provides new clues at the protein level for understanding the molecular regulation mechanism of the PM stress response.