荷花花粉的类黄酮组成

利用超高效液相色谱质谱联用(I-Class UPLC/Xevo TQ MS)技术,对50个品种荷花干燥花粉中的类黄酮代谢产物进行了分离及结构鉴定。结果表明,在荷花(Nelumbo nucifera)花粉中检测到了13种黄酮醇和2种黄酮,这15种类黄酮化合物均为首次从荷花花粉中检出,其中槲皮素3-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷(quercetin 3-O-glucuronide)、槲皮素3-O-新橙皮糖苷(quercetin3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-glucopyranoside)以及槲皮素3-O-阿拉伯糖-(1→2)-半乳糖苷(quercetin 3-O-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-galactopyranoside)含量较高,且在所有品种中均有检出。不同品种花粉中检测到的类黄酮总含量(TF)差异较大,绯云千叶类黄酮总含量最高,为281.08 mg·100 g–1;仙女散花最低,仅为82.64 mg·100 g–1。通过聚类分析,将50个品种聚为4组,B组类黄酮化合物种类最多,而且该组总类黄酮含量最高,其中绯云千叶、伯里小姐和蜀红莲的干燥花粉中总类黄酮含量均超过200 mg·100 g–1,可推荐为采集荷花花粉用的优良品种。

Composition of Flavonoids in Lotus Pollen

We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (I-Class UPLC/Xevo TQ MS) to separate and identify the flavonoids in lotus pollens from 50 cultivars. Lotus pollen contains 13 flavonols and 2 flavones, all reported in lotus pollen for the first time. The most abundant flavonoids were quercetin glucosides, namely quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, quercetin 3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-glucopyranoside and quercetin 3-O-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)- galactopyranoside, detected in all cultivar pollen. The total flavonoid (TF) content ranged from 82.64 to 281.08 mg?100 g^-1 in 50 cultivars, with Fei-Yun-Qian-Ye showing the highest TF and Xian-Nv-San-Hua the lowest. According to cluster analysis, 50 lotus cultivars were classified into four groups; group B contained more flavonoids than other groups, and group B TF content was the highest. TF content in Fei-Yun-Qian-Ye, Bo-Li-Xiao-Jie and Shu-Hong-Lian exceeded 200 mg?100 g^-1 dry weight and could be developed into lotus pollen products.