In vivo and in vitro influence of selenium on DNA/RNA synthesis in spleen and lymphocytes in culture--possible mediation of changes in GSH/GSSG ratio

Effect of superanutritional levels of selenium (Se) as sodium selenite (0.5 and 1.5 ppm) given orally to Balb/c mice for one and two weeks was observed on the rate of DNA/RNA synthesis, levels of reduced as well as oxidized glutathione (GSH and GSSG) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)/glutathione-S-transferase (GSH-S-transferase) activities in spleen. Similar effect of three different concentrations of Se (10(-7), 10(-5) and 10(-3) M) in culture media was also observed on the rate of DNA/RNA synthesis in proliferating lymphocytes taken from mice spleen. The results of the present study indicated that with increasing concentration and duration of Se treatment in vivo and in vitro, a marked inhibition of the rate of DNA/RNA synthesis was observed. Levels of total glutathione and GSSG in spleen were elevated significantly only after two weeks in 1.5 ppm treatments. Glutathione peroxidase activities in spleen decreased (p < 0.05) in 1.5 ppm group at one week and in 0.5 ppm group at two week treatment. At higher Se treatment, the activity recovered towards control. However, GSH-S-transferase in spleen remained unchanged at all treatment intervals. The results indicated that changes in glutathione system by increasing Se concentration might account for inhibition of rate of DNA/RNA synthesis.