The role of chromatin proteins in DNA damage recognition and repair Mini-review |
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Authors: | Piotr Widlak Monika Pietrowska Joanna Lanuszewska |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Experimental and Clinical Radiobiology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Wybrzeze AK 15, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland |
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Abstract: | The structure of chromatin is the major factor determining the rate and efficiency of DNA repair. Chromatin remodeling events
such as rearrangement of nucleosomes and higher order chromatin structures are indispensable features of repair processes.
During the last decade numerous chromatin proteins have been identified that preferentially bind to different types of DNA
damage. The HMGB proteins, which preferentially interact with DNA intrastrand crosslinks induced by cisplatin, are the archetypal
example of such proteins. Several hypothetical models have been proposed describing the role of such damage-binding chromatin
proteins. The damage shielding model postulates that binding of chromatin proteins to damaged DNA might disturb damage recognition
by repair factors and impair its removal. Alternatively, the damage-recognition/signaling model proposes that the binding
of specific chromatin proteins to damaged DNA could serve as a hallmark to be recognized by repair proteins. Additionally,
the binding of specific chromatin proteins to damaged DNA could induce chromatin remodeling at the damage site and indirectly
affect its repair. This paper aims to critically review current experimental data in relation to such possible roles of chromatin
proteins. |
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Keywords: | Damage recognition DNA repair Chromatin Damaged DNA-binding proteins |
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