珊瑚和海葵来源红荧光蛋白的研究和应用

绿色荧光蛋白作为标记蛋白和报告蛋白在生物学研究中应用越来越广。但在荧光共振能量转移(fluorescenceresonanceenergytransfer,FRET)等技术中存在一些缺陷,需要更大波长范围的荧光蛋白。最近研究发现了多种来源于珊瑚和海葵的红荧光蛋白,这些长波长的荧光蛋白对绿色荧光蛋白是一种很好的代替和补充,可以实现细胞内多荧光标记,提供更理想的FRET荧光对。经随机突变和定点突变等方法改建获得的红荧光蛋白变种显示出更高的荧光强度,成熟时间也更短。目前应用较多的是来源于香菇珊瑚(Discosomasp.)的红荧光蛋白DsRed。

Advance in the Study and Application of Red Fluorescent Protein from Actinozoa

Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is broadly applied to biological study as marker or report molecule. But improvement of GFP is required for application in long wavelength scale, especially for the application as FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) pair. The RFP (red fluorescent protein) recently developed from Actinozoa was found to be one of the best substitute and complement for GFP as mark protein. RFP, accompanied with GFP, helps to simultaneously tag different target proteins in the same cell or different kinds of strains in complex microbiological community. RFP could supply better FRET pairs with other FP. RFP and its mutants by site-directed and random mutagenesis showed higher fluorescent intensity and required lower mature time. So far, more studies and application of RFP were focused on DsRed from Discosoma sp.