植物无融合生殖研究进展

植物无融合生殖是一种特殊的无性生殖方式 ,它不经过精卵融合即可繁殖后代 ,其二倍体子代基因型与母本精确相同 ,可以固定杂种优势 ,对于作物育种等工作具有巨大的经济意义。对无融合生殖的分类、遗传进化、发生机制、分子机理等方面进行了介绍。并对无融合生殖的一些最新的研究进展 :无孢子生殖专化基因组区、脱调节理论、基因组冲撞观点、表观遗传基因调节理论等进行了简要的评述。并简单介绍了无融合生殖甜菜单体附加系目前的研究进展 。

Progress of Apomixis in Plant

Apomixis is a special asexual reproduction by which plants produce embryos without meiosis and fertilization, so apomictic species can produce progenies which are genetic copies of themselves, and it could preserve the maternal genotype. So apomixis gene is important which could be applied to plant breeding programs as a means of permanently fixing hybrid vigor, or immediately capturing desirable genotypes.This paper put forth recent advances in study of apomixis in types of apomixes, genetic basis, molecular mechanism, and several theories of the genetic control of apomixes.