嗜酸硫氧化细菌消解元素硫的研究进展

浸矿酸性环境下，金属硫化矿在Fe3+作用下，经过硫代硫酸盐途径或多聚硫化氢途径而分解的过程中导致大量元素硫的累积，进而可能在金属硫化矿表面形成疏水元素硫层，阻碍金属离子的进一步浸出。酸性环境下，惰性元素硫的消解必须借助嗜酸硫氧化细菌来实现。该消解过程包括嗜酸硫氧化细菌对元素硫的吸附、转运以及氧化转化等过程。本文对近年来嗜酸硫氧化细菌消解元素硫过程的相关研究进行了全面评述，认为有关嗜酸硫氧化细菌消解元素硫的分子机制的清晰阐述还有待人们通过对消解过程的各个环节的分子机制进行大量研究来实现。

Progress in elimination of elemental sulfur by the acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria

Metal sulfides are chemically attacked by Fe~ 3 and H~ , resulting in the formation of elemental sulfur via polysulfides or thiosulfate pathway. Elemental sulfur may aggregate and even form a layer on the metal sulfide surface, which will inhibit leaching metals from the sulfides minerals. Elimination of inert elemental sulfur in a typical acidic environment can exclusively be by way of oxidation of acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, such a way includes the attachment, transport and oxidation process of elemental sulfur by acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. On the basis of analysis on the pertinent researches, the molecular mechanism of sulfur elimination by the acidophilic bacteria is far away from elucidated, and to attain that target, there are still much work to be done for elucidating the molecular mechanism on the attachment, transport and oxidation process of elemental sulfur by the acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria.