噬菌体溶壁酶研究进展

溶壁酶是噬菌体在感染末期表达的蛋白质,可水解细菌的细胞壁,使子代噬菌体释放出来。研究表明,溶壁酶在体外能高效地杀死细菌,同样对感染细菌的模型动物有很好的治疗作用。因此,溶壁酶是一种新型的抗菌物质,具有广阔的应用前景。溶壁酶通过水解细菌细胞壁肽聚糖上糖与肽间的酰胺键或肽内氨基酸残基间的连键,从而使细菌裂解。溶壁酶分子由结合功能域和催化功能域两部分组成,其晶体结构使之具有对细胞壁肽聚糖水解的高效性和特异性。对噬菌体溶壁酶的体内外抗菌作用、抗菌机理、晶体结构等最新研究成果及其应用前景进行了综述。

Advances About the Studies of Phage Lysins

Bacteriophage lysins are cell-wall-hydrolysing enzymes synthesized during late gene expression in the lytic cycle of double-stranded DNA(dsDNA) phages multiplication, thereby enabling the release of progeny phages. Recent research indicated that lysins can kill bacteria effective in vitro, and the animal model of infection has high recovery rate when lysins was used in vivo. Lysins mostly hydrolyze covalent bonds between the sugar and peptide or peptides essential for peptidoglycan integrity, causing bacterial lysis. Lysins are often chimaeric proteins, consisting of a usually well conserved catalytic domain fused to a largely divergent specificity of binding domain. The research progress of antibacterial effective, antibacterial mechanism, and the crystal structure of lysins is reviewed, and its development prospects are discussed.