微卫星标记的制备策略

微卫星标记作为一类重要的、成熟的分子遗传标记,凭借自身的高变异性、孟德尔遗传模 式、共显性遗传方式等优点,在遗传及其它相关领域发挥了十分重要的作用,而其主要的缺点是 必须知道所研究生物的微卫星序列及其旁侧序列。随着人类及模式生物基因组的深入研究,微 卫星标记的制备经历了从费时、费力、低效的传统法到周期短、效率高的富集法(选择性杂交法和 FIASCO法);从基因组构建文库筛选到公共数据库ESTs发掘;从实验室自制到花钱购买。总之, 随着方法与技术的不断改进,从目标生物中获得微卫星标记变得越来越简单、经济。

Strategies for M icrosatellites Isolation

Microsatellites, also called SSRs, STRs and SSLPs has become a powerful and mature molecular marker for genetic studies due to their high levels of variation, Mendelian genetic mode and co-dominant heredity. The major drawback is obvious, namely, it is a must to know about the microsatellites and its flanking sequences of the species of interest. With the deeply genomic development of human and animal models, the strategies of microsatellites isolation have experienced from traditional methods with high-cost and low-efficiency to enriching methods (selective hybridization and FIASCO) with short-period and high-efficiency, from screening the genomic DNA library to searching the SSRs from the public database ESTs, from self-preparing in the laboratory to purchasing from companies. In a word, as the methods and techniques improved continuingly, obtaining microsatellites from the objective species become more and more simple and economic.