胚胎干细胞定向分化为心肌细胞研究进展

胚胎干细胞在体外可分化为 3个胚层的所有组织细胞。诱导人类胚胎干细胞定向分化为心肌细胞可为心肌梗死、心肌坏死等重大心脏疾病患者实施细胞治疗 ,也可作为种子细胞 ,用于构建供器官移植用的人造心脏 ;进一步可研究心肌细胞发育分化的分子机理及更直观的用于体外筛选人类心血管药物等。对人类胚胎干细胞及其定向分化为心肌细胞分子机理的研究进展及其所面临的问题作一综述。

Progress of Inducing Embryonic Stem Cells Into Cardiomyocytes

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent cells derived from inner cell mass of blastocyst-stage mammalian embryos or primordial germ cells(PGCs) of gonads, gonadal ridges and mesenteries, analogies of fetuses,with the ability to undergo both highly self-renewal and multiple differentiation. These cells in vitro can differentiate into derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers when transferred to an in vitro environment,and have the ability to form any fully differentiated cells of the body. Inducing ES cells into cardiomyocytes will supply unlimited cardiomyocytes for cell-biased therapy some heart diseases,such as heart infarction, heart necrosis and other heart diseases,also can be used as seeder cells for reconstruction hearts,then study the molecular mechanism of cardiogenesis and development, and as a promising model for selection and test drugs for heart diseases.This paper review the progress of human ES cells,the molecular mechanism on inducing embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes and the problems.;