生物强化污泥厌氧发酵产酸研究进展*

污泥厌氧发酵生产挥发性脂肪酸相较产甲烷,是更具应用价值的污泥稳定途径及资源化利用方式,得到国内外学者的普遍重视。考虑到产酸量低和产酸过程的不稳定性是限制污泥发酵产酸的主要问题,采用生物强化方法实现挥发性脂肪酸的大量积累,与物理和化学方法相比,具有成本低、无二次污染等优点。根据生物强化制剂的类型,归纳了微生物纯培养物、微生物混合培养物及生物酶强化对污泥厌氧发酵产酸的影响,并在此基础上对生物强化技术控制污泥定向产酸、调控奇偶数碳比率等方面的应用进行讨论。此外,分析了影响挥发性脂肪酸产量和组分的因素,如pH、温度、底物、水力停留时间和污泥龄等。最后对生物强化技术的发展方向进行了展望,以期为深入探究污泥资源化利用提供借鉴。

Biofortification on Acid Production by Anaerobic Fermentation of Sludge:A Review

Compared with methane production, producing volatile fatty acids by anaerobic fermentation of sludge is a more valuable way of sludge stabilization and resource utilization, which scholars have widely valued at home and abroad. Considering that the low acid production and the instability of the acid production process are the main problems limiting the acid production by sludge fermentation, the use of bioaugmentation to achieve a large amount of accumulation of volatile fatty acids has the advantages of low cost and no secondary pollution compared with physical and chemical methods. According to the types of bioaugmentation agents, this paper summarized the effects of pure microbial culture, mixed microbial culture, and biological enzyme enhancement on anaerobic fermentation and acid production of sludge, and discussed the application of bioaugmentation technology in controlling directional acid production of sludge and regulating odd-even carbon ratio. In addition, the factors affecting the yield and composition of volatile fatty acids, such as pH, temperature, substrate, hydraulic retention time, and sludge age, were analyzed. Finally, the development prospects for the bioaugmentation technology were discussed in order to provide a reference for further exploration of sludge recycling.