总体国家安全观下合成生物学风险和应对策略研究*

合成生物学是近年来兴起的一门兼材料学、医学和信息学等学科特性的交叉学科,在促进医学进步和科技转化应用的同时,也在总体国家安全内涵中被赋予了特殊的重要地位。如何在新时期应对错综复杂的安全形势和严峻挑战,是世界各国和国际社会所面临的科技治理和生物安全的重要命题。重点介绍合成生物技术相关生物武器威胁、生物恐怖威胁、生物安全国际公约条例、生物安全伦理治理框架,总结近年来合成生物技术领域生物安全风险相关问题,提出合成生物学安全风险应对策略和国家总体安全观下科技发展建议。

Synthetic Biology Risks and Biosafety Strategies in the View of Overall National Security Concept

Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary subject with the characteristics of materials science, medicine and informatics. It has been endowed with a special and important position in the view of overall national security concept while promoting the medical progress and development of science and technology. How to deal with the challenges in the new era is an important proposition in terms of scientific and technological governance and biosafety for all of the countries in the world and internation society. This article mainly introduces the threat of biological weapons, bioterrorism threat, regulations of the International Convention on Biosafety and the ethical governance framework of biosafety related to synthetic biotechnology, summarizes the risks of biosafety related issues in the field of synthetic biotechnology in recent years, and puts forward suggestions for the strategies and the development of science and technology in the view of overall national security concept.