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Characterization of a homogeneous taxonomic group of marine magnetotactic cocci within a low tide zone in the China Sea
Authors:Pan Hongmiao  Zhu Kailing  Song Tao  Yu-Zhang Kui  Lefèvre Christopher  Xing Sue  Liu Min  Zhao Sanjun  Xiao Tian  Wu Long-Fei
Institution:Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai road 7, Qingdao 266071, China;
Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan road, Beijing 100039, China.;
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.;
Laboratoire de Microscopies et d'Etude de Nanostructures (LMEN), Universitéde Reims, Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.;
Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, UPR9043, Institut de Biologie Structurale et Microbiologie, CNRS, Marseille, France.;
Beihai Marine Environmental Monitoring Central Station, State Oceanic Administration, Beihai 536000, China.
Abstract:Magnetotactic bacteria are a heterologous group of motile prokaryotes, ubiquitous in aquatic habitats and cosmopolitan in distribution. Here, we studied the diversity of magnetotactic bacteria in a seawater pond within an intertidal zone at Huiquan Bay in the China Sea. The pond is composed of a permanently submerged part and a low tide subregion. The magnetotactic bacteria collected from the permanently submerged part display diversity in morphology and taxonomy. In contrast, we found a virtually homogenous population of ovoid-coccoid magnetotactic bacteria in the low tide subregion of the pond. They were bilophotrichously flagellated and exhibited polar magnetotactic behaviour. Almost all cells contained two chains of magnetosomes composed of magnetite crystals. Intriguingly, the combination of restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP) and sequencing of cloned 16S rDNA genes from the low tide subregion samples as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed the presence of a homogenous population. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Qingdao Huiquan low tide magnetotactic bacteria belong to a new genus affiliated with the α-subclass of Proteobacteria . This finding suggests the adaptation of the magnetotactic bacterial population to the marine tide.
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